How to Read the Daily Treasury Statement

The Daily Treasury Statement (DTS) is the U.S. Treasury's daily cash report. Read it in this order: Table I for the day's cash balance in the Treasury General Account (TGA); Table II for what came in and went out; Tables III-A and III-B for how much was borrowed and repaid; and Table III-C for how close total debt is to the statutory limit. Every figure is in millions of dollars, and each row has three columns: today, month to date, and fiscal year to date.

This guide walks through each table using the statement for Tuesday, October 7, 2026, published October 8. For a quick read of the TGA without opening the statement, use our TGA cash balance tracker.

Where to get the DTS

The Bureau of the Fiscal Service publishes the DTS on Fiscal Data as a PDF-style report and as downloadable data, with history back to October 2005. It is released every federal business day and reports the previous business day. Fiscal Data notes that all figures are rounded to the nearest million, so components may not add exactly to totals.

The three columns: today, month to date, fiscal year to date

• Today is the activity for the record date.
• This month to date accumulates from the first business day of the calendar month.
• This fiscal year to date accumulates from October 1, the start of the federal fiscal year.

October 1, 2026, began fiscal year 2027, so on the October 7 statement the month-to-date and fiscal-year-to-date columns are identical. By late October they will diverge.

Table I: Operating Cash Balance

Table I answers one question: how much cash does the Treasury have? It has four lines:

Read across: the account opened the day at $885.4 billion, took in $19.4 billion, paid out $19.0 billion, and closed at $885.8 billion. Read the month-to-date column: it opened October at $984.0 billion and has fallen $98.3 billion in a week.

To check your reading, the arithmetic must hold: $984,046 + $742,504 − $840,767 = $885,783.

Table II: Deposits and Withdrawals of Operating Cash

Table II itemizes every deposit and withdrawal by category: withheld income and payroll taxes, corporate taxes, customs duties, Social Security benefits, Medicaid, defense, interest on Treasury securities, and dozens of agency lines. Two lines are special: Public Debt Cash Issues (Table III-B) on the deposit side and Public Debt Cash Redemptions (Table III-B) on the withdrawal side. They carry the borrowing flows over from Table III.

The largest lines on October 7, 2026, in millions:

How to use Table II

Strip out debt to see the "real" flows. For fiscal year 2026 (through September 30, 2026), the DTS shows total deposits of $39,914.8 billion and withdrawals of $39,821.6 billion. Remove the debt lines — $33,355.6 billion of cash issues and $31,578.1 billion of redemptions — and you are left with $6,559.2 billion of non-debt receipts against $8,243.5 billion of non-debt spending, a cash-basis gap of about $1,684 billion. That gap is close to, but not the same as, the official deficit, which the Monthly Treasury Statement reports on a budget basis.

Find a specific program. Want to know what Social Security paid out in fiscal 2026? The "SSA – Benefits Payments" fiscal-year-to-date column on September 30 shows $1,471.1 billion. Customs duties for the year were $332.6 billion.

Watch the calendar. Withheld taxes arrive daily; quarterly tax dates (around the 15th of April, June, September, and December) bring large lump sums; benefit programs pay heavily at the start of each month.

Table III-A: Public Debt Transactions

Table III-A lists the face value of securities issued and redeemed, by type: marketable bills, notes, and bonds (plus inflation accruals on inflation-protected securities), and nonmarketable securities such as savings bonds, State and Local Government Series, and Government Account Series (GAS).

GAS securities are what federal trust funds — Social Security, Medicare, federal retirement — hold. They are issued and redeemed in huge volumes because trust funds reinvest daily. On October 7, 2026, Table III-A showed $682.9 billion of GAS issued and $670.9 billion redeemed. No cash changes hands in those transactions; they are bookkeeping between government accounts.

Table III-B: Adjustment of Public Debt Transactions to Cash Basis

Table III-B converts Table III-A into actual cash. It starts with total issues and redemptions and subtracts noncash items: GAS transactions, discounts on new bills, and accruals on savings bonds and inflation-protected securities.

On October 7, 2026:

• Total issues (III-A): $684,314 million − GAS $682,905 − savings bond accrual $1 − TIPS increment $224 = $1,184 million of cash issues.
• Total redemptions (III-A): $673,303 million − GAS $670,880 − buyback discount $48 = $2,375 million of cash redemptions.

Those two results are exactly the public debt lines in Table II. If you ever need to know how much Treasury actually borrowed in cash, use III-B, not III-A.

Table III-C: Debt Subject to Limit

Table III-C shows the debt ceiling math. On October 7, 2026, in millions:

That leaves about $1.02 trillion of room under the limit. The first two lines add up to total public debt outstanding of $40,284,036 million, which matches the Bureau of the Fiscal Service's Debt to the Penny figure for that day. When the limit is suspended, the statutory limit line shows zero, as it did on DTS records before January 2, 2025.

Table IV: Inter-agency Tax Transfers

Table IV reports tax amounts transferred between federal accounts rather than deposited from outside the government, broken out by tax type. On October 7, 2026, it showed $43 million of withheld individual and FICA transfers. Before February 14, 2023, Table IV was "Federal Tax Deposits"; that data now appears by tax type in Table II.

Table V: Income Tax Refunds Issued

Table V splits refunds into individual and business, paid by check or electronic transfer. On October 7, 2026, individual refunds by EFT were $1,365 million — small, as expected in October. In February and March, this table is where you see refund season in the data.

Reading the DTS through the API

Each table is a separate endpoint under https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service/v1/accounting/dts/:

Two quirks trip up almost everyone:

1. The closing balance lives in open_today_bal. Since April 2022, close_today_bal is null in the operating-cash table. Filter account_type to "Treasury General Account (TGA) Closing Balance" and read open_today_bal.
2. Amounts are strings in millions. Convert to numbers and divide by 1,000 for billions.

The historical "Federal Tax Deposits" and "Short-Term Cash Investments" endpoints still exist but stop at February 13, 2023.

A five-minute daily routine

1. Table I: note the closing balance and the change from the prior day.
2. Table II, top lines: check withheld taxes (a rough read on payrolls) and the two public debt lines.
3. Table III-B: compute net cash borrowing — cash issues minus cash redemptions.
4. Table III-C: subtract debt subject to limit from the statutory limit to track headroom.
5. Compare to the calendar: before drawing conclusions, ask whether today is a tax date, a benefit payment date, or a large auction settlement.

Keep a simple spreadsheet of those five numbers and patterns that look like news usually turn out to be the calendar.

Mistakes to avoid

• Treating gross issuance as new borrowing. Most issuance refinances maturing debt; net cash borrowing is issues minus redemptions in III-B.
• Reading GAS activity as market activity. It is internal bookkeeping.
• Comparing a single day to the deficit. Payment timing dominates daily data.
• Confusing the TGA with the debt. The Treasury cash vs national debt guide explains why one is about 2% of the other.

For background on the account itself, read what is the Treasury General Account, and browse the US Treasury cash hub for related pages.